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دوره لینوکس LPIC-1

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LPIC-1: Linux Administrator

Topic 101: System Architecture

101.1 Determine and configure hardware settings

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /sys/
  • /proc/
  • /dev/
  • modprobe
  • lsmod
  • lspci
  • lsusb

101.2 Boot the system

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • dmesg
  • journalctl
  • BIOS
  • UEFI
  • bootloader
  • kernel
  • initramfs
  • init
  • SysVinit
  • systemd

101.3 Change runlevels / boot targets and shutdown or reboot system

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/inittab
  • shutdown
  • init
  • /etc/init.d/
  • telinit
  • systemd
  • systemctl
  • /etc/systemd/
  • /usr/lib/systemd/
  • wall

Topic 102: Linux Installation and Package Management

102.1 Design hard disk layout

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • / (root) filesystem
  • /var filesystem
  • /home filesystem
  • /boot filesystem
  • EFI System Partition (ESP)
  • swap space
  • mount points
  • partitions

102.2 Install a boot manager

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • menu.lst, grub.cfg and grub.conf
  • grub-install
  • grub-mkconfig
  • MBR

102.3 Manage shared libraries

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • ldd

مباحث ذیل در دوره پیشرفته تدریس می شوند:

  • ldconfig
  • /etc/ld.so.conf
  • LD_LIBRARY_PATH

102.4 Use Debian package management

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/apt/sources.list
  • dpkg
  • dpkg-reconfigure
  • apt-get
  • apt-cache

102.5 Use RPM and YUM package management

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • rpm
  • rpm2cpio
  • /etc/yum.conf
  • /etc/yum.repos.d/
  • yum
  • zypper

102.6 Linux as a virtualization guest

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

  • Virtual machine
  • Linux container
  • Application container
  • Guest drivers
  • SSH host keys
  • D-Bus machine id

Topic 103: GNU and Unix Commands

103.1 Work on the command line

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • bash
  • echo
  • env
  • export
  • pwd
  • set
  • unset
  • type
  • which
  • man
  • uname
  • history
  • bash_history
  • Quoting

103.2 Process text streams using filters

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • bzcat
  • cat
  • cut
  • head
  • less
  • md5sum
  • nl
  • od
  • paste
  • sed
  • sha256sum
  • sha512sum
  • sort
  • split
  • tail
  • tr
  • uniq
  • wc
  • xzcat
  • zcat

103.3 Perform basic file management

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • cp
  • find
  • mkdir
  • mv
  • ls
  • rm
  • rmdir
  • touch
  • tar
  • cpio
  • dd
  • file
  • gzip
  • gunzip
  • bzip2
  • bunzip2
  • xz
  • unxz
  • file globbing

103.4 Use streams, pipes and redirects

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • tee
  • xargs

103.5 Create, monitor and kill processes

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • &
  • bg
  • fg
  • jobs
  • kill
  • nohup
  • ps
  • top
  • free
  • uptime
  • pgrep
  • pkill
  • killall
  • watch
  • screen
  • tmux

103.6 Modify process execution priorities

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • nice
  • ps
  • renice
  • top

103.7 Search text files using regular expressions

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

  • grep
  • egrep
  • fgrep
  • sed
  • (7)regex

103.8 Basic file editing

Terms and Utilities:

  • vi
  • /, ?
  • h,j,k,l
  • i, o, a
  • d, p, y, dd, yy
  • ZZ, :w!, :q!
  • EDITOR

Topic 104: Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard

104.1 Create partitions and filesystems

  • ext2/ext3/ext4
  • XFS
  • VFAT
  • exFAT

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • fdisk
  • gdisk
  • parted
  • mkfs
  • mkswap

104.2 Maintain the integrity of filesystems

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • du
  • df
  • fsck
  • e2fsck
  • mke2fs
  • tune2fs
  • xfs_repair
  • xfs_fsr
  • xfs_db

104.3 Control mounting and unmounting of filesystems

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/fstab
  • /media/
  • mount
  • umount
  • blkid
  • lsblk

104.4 Removed

104.5 Manage file permissions and ownership

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • chmod
  • umask
  • chown
  • chgrp

104.6 Create and change hard and symbolic links

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • ln
  • ls

104.7 Find system files and place files in the correct location

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • find
  • locate
  • updatedb
  • whereis
  • which
  • type
  •  /etc/updatedb.conf

Topic 105: Shells and Shell Scripting

105.1 Customize and use the shell environment

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • .
  • source
  • /etc/bash.bashrc
  • /etc/profile
  • env
  • export
  • set
  • unset
  • ~/.bash_profile
  • ~/.bash_login
  • ~/.profile
  • ~/.bashrc
  • ~/.bash_logout
  • function
  • alias

105.2 Customize or write simple scripts

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

مباحث ذیل در دوره Shell Scripting به تفضیل ارائه خواهد شد:

  • for
  • while
  • test
  • if
  • read
  • seq
  • exec
  • ||
  • &&

Topic 106: User Interfaces and Desktops

106.1 Install and configure X11

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

  • /etc/X11/xorg.conf
  • /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/
  • ~/.xsession-errors
  • xhost
  • xauth
  • DISPLAY
  • X

106.2 Graphical Desktops

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

  • KDE
  • Gnome
  • Xfce
  • X11
  • XDMCP
  • VNC
  • Spice
  • RDP

106.3 Accessibility

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

  • High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes.
  • Screen Reader
  • Braille Display
  • Screen Magnifier
  • On-Screen Keyboard
  • Sticky/Repeat keys
  • Slow/Bounce/Toggle keys
  • Mouse keys
  • Gestures
  • Voice recognition

Topic 107: Administrative Tasks

107.1 Manage user and group accounts and related system files

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/passwd
  • /etc/shadow
  • /etc/group
  • /etc/skel/
  • chage
  • getent
  • groupadd
  • groupdel
  • groupmod
  • passwd
  • useradd
  • userdel
  • usermod

107.2 Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

مباحث ذیل در دوره لینوکس پیشرفته به تفضیل ارائه خواهد شد:

  • /etc/cron.{d,daily,hourly,monthly,weekly}/
  • /etc/at.deny
  • /etc/at.allow
  • /etc/crontab
  • /etc/cron.allow
  • /etc/cron.deny
  • /var/spool/cron/
  • crontab
  • at
  • atq
  • atrm
  • systemctl
  • systemd-run

107.3 Localisation and internationalisation

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/timezone
  • /etc/localtime
  • /usr/share/zoneinfo/
  • LC_*
  • LC_ALL
  • LANG
  • TZ
  • /usr/bin/locale
  • tzselect
  • timedatectl
  • date
  • iconv
  • UTF-8
  • ISO-8859
  • ASCII
  • Unicode

Topic 108: Essential System Services

108.1 Maintain system time

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

  • /usr/share/zoneinfo/
  • /etc/timezone
  • /etc/localtime
  • /etc/ntp.conf
  • /etc/chrony.conf
  • date
  • hwclock
  • timedatectl
  • ntpd
  • ntpdate
  • chronyc
  • pool.ntp.org

108.2 System logging

Terms and Utilities:

مباحث ذیل در دوره لینوکس پیشرفته به تفضیل ارائه خواهد شد:

  • /etc/rsyslog.conf
  • /var/log/
  • logger
  • logrotate
  • /etc/logrotate.conf
  • /etc/logrotate.d/
  • journalctl
  • systemd-cat
  • /etc/systemd/journald.conf
  • /var/log/journal/

108.3 Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) basics

Terms and Utilities:

مباحث ذیل در دوره لینوکس پیشرفته به تفضیل ارائه خواهد شد:

  • ~/.forward
  • sendmail emulation layer commands
  • newaliases
  • mail
  • mailq
  • postfix
  • sendmail
  • exim

108.4 Manage printers and printing

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

  • CUPS configuration files, tools and utilities
  • /etc/cups/
  • lpd legacy interface (lpr, lprm, lpq)

Topic 109: Networking Fundamentals

109.1 Fundamentals of internet protocols

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

  • /etc/services
  • IPv4, IPv6
  • Subnetting
  • TCP, UDP, ICMP

109.2 Persistent network configuration

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

  • /etc/hostname
  • /etc/hosts
  • /etc/nsswitch.conf
  • /etc/resolv.conf
  • nmcli
  • hostnamectl
  • ifup
  • ifdown

109.3 Basic network troubleshooting

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • ip
  • hostname
  • ss
  • ping
  • ping6
  • traceroute
  • traceroute6
  • tracepath
  • tracepath6
  • netcat
  • ifconfig
  • netstat
  • route

109.4 Configure client side DNS

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

  • /etc/hosts
  • /etc/resolv.conf
  • /etc/nsswitch.conf
  • host
  • dig
  • getent

Topic 110: Security

110.1 Perform security administration tasks

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • find
  • passwd
  • fuser
  • lsof
  • nmap
  • chage
  • netstat
  • sudo
  • /etc/sudoers
  • su
  • usermod
  • ulimit
  • who, w, last

110.2 Setup host security

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/nologin
  • /etc/passwd
  • /etc/shadow
  • /etc/xinetd.d/
  • /etc/xinetd.conf
  • systemd.socket
  • /etc/inittab
  • /etc/init.d/
  • /etc/hosts.allow
  • /etc/hosts.deny

110.3 Securing data with encryption

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

مباحث ذیل در دوره لینوکس پیشرفته به تفضیل ارائه خواهد شد:

  • ssh
  • ssh-keygen
  • ssh-agent
  • ssh-add
  • ~/.ssh/id_rsa and id_rsa.pub
  • ~/.ssh/id_dsa and id_dsa.pub
  • ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa and id_ecdsa.pub
  • ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 and id_ed25519.pub
  • /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key and ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
  • /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key and ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
  • /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key and ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub
  • /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key and ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub
  • ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
  • ssh_known_hosts
  • gpg
  • gpg-agent
  • ~/.gnupg/

 

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