LPIC-1: Linux Administrator

Topic 101: System Architecture

101.1 Determine and configure hardware settings

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• /sys/
• /proc/
• /dev/
• modprobe
• lsmod
• lspci
• lsusb

101.2 Boot the system

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• dmesg
• journalctl
• BIOS
• UEFI
• bootloader
• kernel
• initramfs
• init
• SysVinit
• systemd

101.3 Change runlevels / boot targets and shutdown or reboot system

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• /etc/inittab
• shutdown
• init
• /etc/init.d/
• telinit
• systemd
• systemctl
• /etc/systemd/
• /usr/lib/systemd/
• wall

Topic 102: Linux Installation and Package Management

102.1 Design hard disk layout

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• / (root) filesystem
• /var filesystem
• /home filesystem
• /boot filesystem
• EFI System Partition (ESP)
• swap space
• mount points
• partitions

102.2 Install a boot manager

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• menu.lst, grub.cfg and grub.conf
• grub-install
• grub-mkconfig
• MBR

102.3 Manage shared libraries

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• ldd

مباحث ذیل در دوره پیشرفته تدریس می شوند:

• ldconfig
• /etc/ld.so.conf
• LD_LIBRARY_PATH

102.4 Use Debian package management

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• /etc/apt/sources.list
• dpkg
• dpkg-reconfigure
• apt-get
• apt-cache

102.5 Use RPM and YUM package management

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• rpm
• rpm2cpio
• /etc/yum.conf
• /etc/yum.repos.d/
• yum
• zypper

102.6 Linux as a virtualization guest

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

• Virtual machine
• Linux container
• Application container
• Guest drivers
• SSH host keys
• D-Bus machine id

Topic 103: GNU and Unix Commands

103.1 Work on the command line

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• bash
• echo
• env
• export
• pwd
• set
• unset
• type
• which
• man
• uname
• history
• bash_history
• Quoting

103.2 Process text streams using filters

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• bzcat
• cat
• cut
• head
• less
• md5sum
• nl
• od
• paste
• sed
• sha256sum
• sha512sum
• sort
• split
• tail
• tr
• uniq
• wc
• xzcat
• zcat

103.3 Perform basic file management

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• cp
• find
• mkdir
• mv
• ls
• rm
• rmdir
• touch
• tar
• cpio
• dd
• file
• gzip
• gunzip
• bzip2
• bunzip2
• xz
• unxz
• file globbing

103.4 Use streams, pipes and redirects

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• tee
• xargs

103.5 Create, monitor and kill processes

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• &
• bg
• fg
• jobs
• kill
• nohup
• ps
• top
• free
• uptime
• pgrep
• pkill
• killall
• watch
• screen
• tmux

103.6 Modify process execution priorities

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• nice
• ps
• renice
• top

103.7 Search text files using regular expressions

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

• grep
• egrep
• fgrep
• sed
• (7)regex

103.8 Basic file editing

Terms and Utilities:

• vi
• /, ?
• h,j,k,l
• i, o, a
• d, p, y, dd, yy
• ZZ, :w!, :q!
• EDITOR

Topic 104: Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard

104.1 Create partitions and filesystems

• ext2/ext3/ext4
• XFS
• VFAT
• exFAT

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• fdisk
• gdisk
• parted
• mkfs
• mkswap

104.2 Maintain the integrity of filesystems

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• du
• df
• fsck
• e2fsck
• mke2fs
• tune2fs
• xfs_repair
• xfs_fsr
• xfs_db

104.3 Control mounting and unmounting of filesystems

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• /etc/fstab
• /media/
• mount
• umount
• blkid
• lsblk

104.4 Removed

104.5 Manage file permissions and ownership

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• chmod
• umask
• chown
• chgrp

104.6 Create and change hard and symbolic links

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• ln
• ls

104.7 Find system files and place files in the correct location

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• find
• locate
• updatedb
• whereis
• which
• type
•  /etc/updatedb.conf

Topic 105: Shells and Shell Scripting

105.1 Customize and use the shell environment

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• .
• source
• /etc/bash.bashrc
• /etc/profile
• env
• export
• set
• unset
• ~/.bash_profile
• ~/.bash_login
• ~/.profile
• ~/.bashrc
• ~/.bash_logout
• function
• alias

105.2 Customize or write simple scripts

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

مباحث ذیل در دوره Shell Scripting به تفضیل ارائه خواهد شد:

• for
• while
• test
• if
• read
• seq
• exec
• ||
• &&

Topic 106: User Interfaces and Desktops

106.1 Install and configure X11

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

• /etc/X11/xorg.conf
• /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/
• ~/.xsession-errors
• xhost
• xauth
• DISPLAY
• X

106.2 Graphical Desktops

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

• KDE
• Gnome
• Xfce
• X11
• XDMCP
• VNC
• Spice
• RDP

106.3 Accessibility

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

• High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes.
• Screen Reader
• Braille Display
• Screen Magnifier
• On-Screen Keyboard
• Sticky/Repeat keys
• Slow/Bounce/Toggle keys
• Mouse keys
• Gestures
• Voice recognition

Topic 107: Administrative Tasks

107.1 Manage user and group accounts and related system files

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• /etc/passwd
• /etc/shadow
• /etc/group
• /etc/skel/
• chage
• getent
• groupadd
• groupdel
• groupmod
• passwd
• useradd
• userdel
• usermod

107.2 Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

مباحث ذیل در دوره لینوکس پیشرفته به تفضیل ارائه خواهد شد:

• /etc/cron.{d,daily,hourly,monthly,weekly}/
• /etc/at.deny
• /etc/at.allow
• /etc/crontab
• /etc/cron.allow
• /etc/cron.deny
• /var/spool/cron/
• crontab
• at
• atq
• atrm
• systemctl
• systemd-run

107.3 Localisation and internationalisation

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• /etc/timezone
• /etc/localtime
• /usr/share/zoneinfo/
• LC_*
• LC_ALL
• LANG
• TZ
• /usr/bin/locale
• tzselect
• timedatectl
• date
• iconv
• UTF-8
• ISO-8859
• ASCII
• Unicode

Topic 108: Essential System Services

108.1 Maintain system time

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

• /usr/share/zoneinfo/
• /etc/timezone
• /etc/localtime
• /etc/ntp.conf
• /etc/chrony.conf
• date
• hwclock
• timedatectl
• ntpd
• ntpdate
• chronyc
• pool.ntp.org

108.2 System logging

Terms and Utilities:

مباحث ذیل در دوره لینوکس پیشرفته به تفضیل ارائه خواهد شد:

• /etc/rsyslog.conf
• /var/log/
• logger
• logrotate
• /etc/logrotate.conf
• /etc/logrotate.d/
• journalctl
• systemd-cat
• /etc/systemd/journald.conf
• /var/log/journal/

108.3 Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) basics

Terms and Utilities:

مباحث ذیل در دوره لینوکس پیشرفته به تفضیل ارائه خواهد شد:

• ~/.forward
• sendmail emulation layer commands
• newaliases
• mail
• mailq
• postfix
• sendmail
• exim

108.4 Manage printers and printing

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

• CUPS configuration files, tools and utilities
• /etc/cups/
• lpd legacy interface (lpr, lprm, lpq)

Topic 109: Networking Fundamentals

109.1 Fundamentals of internet protocols

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

• /etc/services
• IPv4, IPv6
• Subnetting
• TCP, UDP, ICMP

109.2 Persistent network configuration

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

• /etc/hostname
• /etc/hosts
• /etc/nsswitch.conf
• /etc/resolv.conf
• nmcli
• hostnamectl
• ifup
• ifdown

109.3 Basic network troubleshooting

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• ip
• hostname
• ss
• ping
• ping6
• traceroute
• traceroute6
• tracepath
• tracepath6
• netcat
• ifconfig
• netstat
• route

109.4 Configure client side DNS

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

در مباحث ذیل، به دلیل کمبود زمان و نیز عدم اهمیت، منابع لازم جهت مطالعه معرفی می شود:

• /etc/hosts
• /etc/resolv.conf
• /etc/nsswitch.conf
• host
• dig
• getent

Topic 110: Security

110.1 Perform security administration tasks

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• find
• passwd
• fuser
• lsof
• nmap
• chage
• netstat
• sudo
• /etc/sudoers
• su
• usermod
• ulimit
• who, w, last

110.2 Setup host security

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

• /etc/nologin
• /etc/passwd
• /etc/shadow
• /etc/xinetd.d/
• /etc/xinetd.conf
• systemd.socket
• /etc/inittab
• /etc/init.d/
• /etc/hosts.allow
• /etc/hosts.deny

110.3 Securing data with encryption

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

مباحث ذیل در دوره لینوکس پیشرفته به تفضیل ارائه خواهد شد:

• ssh
• ssh-keygen
• ssh-agent
• ssh-add
• ~/.ssh/id_rsa and id_rsa.pub
• ~/.ssh/id_dsa and id_dsa.pub
• ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa and id_ecdsa.pub
• ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 and id_ed25519.pub
• /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key and ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
• /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key and ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
• /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key and ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub
• /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key and ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub
• ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
• ssh_known_hosts
• gpg
• gpg-agent
• ~/.gnupg/

 

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